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今日下午，《论语札记》作者贾陆英老师继续在老秘网QQ群“重温经典读书会”组织大家学习讨论《论语》为政篇第2章。有贾老师的热心授课，我们的重温经典读书会已名副其实了。昨天老秘网新开了“公文写作合议庭”版块，也期待大家积极参与。这里，老猫把今日的聊天记录整理如下：
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">各位好，星期一下午有事未到，让大家久等了。特致歉意。今天下午，我们学习讨论《论语》为政篇第. N: z; _! s$ K8 Q. Omso-font-kerning:0pt">2! z; Y" E+ y* ~. o4 R; Y; M3 Pfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;" C6 g2 a @, Y! ?$ a: K
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6 b6 O: O- W7 o% [mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">子曰：, q: l* w/ C$ D! t4 J
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。: ?/ U8 b% M7 T
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, {- ^% y* x! B, OTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百：《诗经》实有三百零五篇，三百只是举其整数。) m; P9 j9 I+ P" J! a" fmso-font-kerning:0pt">“1 O% R0 @6 e7 }1 x
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">：概括。思无邪：《诗经6 v; P* l6 s y+ qmso-font-kerning:0pt">•, L( X7 M/ e* c2 s8 \% F& b; yfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
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D8 q4 \+ n9 \" r" R5 D6 P) xmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">駧》》上的一句话。原文的思字是语助词，孔子借用这句话把思作思想讲。无邪：纯正，没有邪念。6 ]$ }5 O* ?; V6 ^8 h! {mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">孔子说：% D, A$ K# ?2 S1 x1 r# w, U; j0pt">“ ~/ r% f) J9 b2 _
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mso-font-kerning:0pt">《诗经》三百篇，用一句话来概括它，就是/ }6 c' W: s0 y4 s* A! E
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: S, p7 O( Q/ x+ d' Tmso-font-kerning:0pt">思想纯正。. [# ]: b' F7 p/ W1 N: b3 X0 j10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">’”
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">问：孔子为什么极为重视诗教？3 t4 n! i( Q* r+ O- b8 t0pt">
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">答：本章是孔子对《诗经》精神的概括。孔子曾经说过，吾道一以贯之，指出他的学说有一个贯穿其中的基本精神，读书学习，重要的是要把握这个基本精神。一言以蔽之，就是一以贯之的意思，$ ]5 G' k0 l2 \# K L) Y( ?
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D) O0 I7 q* S5 ~1 s) E9 bmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">思无邪- i0 H9 @ {9 _ ^" o' b
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">就是贯穿于诗经三百篇中的核心精神。* r1 c) ^% i% n
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/ o5 F# ?% }0 a& N- Lmso-font-kerning:0pt">兴于诗、立于礼、成于乐+ F, [5 M) e: k0 U10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">”" ^+ A) z+ w; y8 H$ _
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# H" t7 i& F G2 E9 ^! z% O2 Gmso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语0 K$ C, W/ i' r2 I$ p. R
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- `/ C# s) k5 b4 pmso-font-kerning:0pt">泰伯》），兴于诗，强调诗的教育之重要，所兴的是人的情感。立于礼，礼教的目的是使人在社会上立足。成于乐，乐教的目的是使这种% S1 ?# F A# C+ m2 umso-font-kerning:0pt">“" F z, N& N4 o* L7 A. V
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% Q, u) Y' [( ^8 {5 |' a0 _mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">立/ [$ N8 H$ B. V- {4 C( w0 m7 n
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">最终得以完成。古人讲的+ s" r7 I f, f8 a {mso-font-kerning:0pt">“8 N- l! ^/ N+ k4 g, Q
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，包括音乐、舞蹈、诗歌等等，诗歌是运用有节律、有韵律的语言反映生活、抒发情感的文学体裁，孔子认为，就教化的功能而言，' `4 A0 B. q$ j3 M( r, |8 s& b
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$ y5 b/ U$ i7 H4 `2 [( a" _" E* kmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐教0 k* D5 E6 u* ~. D" Jmso-font-kerning:0pt">”5 N& ~3 W2 P$ a6 o
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4 G6 h# `) s0 d0 }8 tmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是一个人品德养成、人性完善的最高层次。2 I; C$ ~+ R) O8 Dmso-font-kerning:0pt">
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">《诗经》是中国最早的一部诗歌总集，经孔子删订，收有从西周初年到春秋中叶的诗歌- h/ x: O+ d6 r% m7 b" U/ D
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! Z V# w2 q2 @. H7 b# Jmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">篇。孔子特别重视8 Q9 y% {& j( @9 n. m( Amso-font-kerning:0pt">“3 [0 T5 t, O- ~+ J/ Wfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
/ ?5 U0 f8 B, F* A0 e8 C" U& K+ }mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗' q8 ^# q" l! ]4 D" c3 _
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">对于人格完善的重要作用，他说： t3 C/ d4 u; \, c9 mmso-font-kerning:0pt">“+ q0 _) L8 Y) V: X" r8 q; ]2 N, _# ^
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">不学诗，无以言。 L+ p. Z7 \2 g+ J1 X, `* gmso-font-kerning:0pt">”# r) {8 k9 n; f4 f
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语( j$ I h0 N& Fmso-font-kerning:0pt">•" i3 z) r% z" H, tfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;! z: W0 f+ `7 P' ~+ e7 e a) K: S" W/ @
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">季氏》）$ C" C8 |( M0 M6 \( G* S: H
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) t+ }2 f- j) A$ T$ X; u: F+ y3 ^) Umso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观，可以群，可以怨。迩之事父，远之事君；多识于鸟兽草木之名。% E6 t/ Y3 m9 b4 B+ T
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语: |) a6 s6 a1 q3 m+ |8 ~6 e' [4 Umso-font-kerning:0pt">•2 X8 z6 s, Q. o# Q% f0 O
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">阳货》）由此可见，孔子重视《诗经》的教育，一是在于学习《诗》的语言和文化知识，二是通过4 A& _7 Q7 }, T4 f* u
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- z& z- N& h( M4 b$ amso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴、观、群、怨6 }5 |0 `/ s) e- O- F% t) Umso-font-kerning:0pt">”( m9 E1 b* E1 p; B
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; Q4 r! s$ [/ amso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">陶冶人的情操，并对弟子进行事父、事君等政治思想教育，使人 R( s5 _3 s+ S- G7 V( y! p* ]mso-font-kerning:0pt">“6 q0 y% V4 J' kfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;; ~5 ~* G$ o4 H" X3 ^8 b
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">思无邪" |, e, y \% }' `1 h5 wmso-font-kerning:0pt">”$ K2 x! ~1 m8 J% m+ u" ?font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
! ]4 l8 P( ]1 Q" T4 c: C: ^mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，遐思而纯正，宁静而致远。4 G3 E5 [! Q- v# g
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。) \; Z1 K& C$ N0 y) }2 L, ^: m
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫歪解：诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。* ?; y. s! n, P/ z$ v. C
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Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">贾陆英( w/ c$ m1 _/ V; _& }
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。, v: Z% y- v, `
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">此乃+ V/ D" u- ^5 T' m8 i/ R
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">歪批. z& R0 A! @' }3 f
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">。诗经确有许多歌颂男女爱情的作品，那时的社会风气是开化的，孔子的思想也是开化的。这种风气被改变，是后来的事。不可用后人的标准衡量前人。“我把贾老得罪了”6 t+ `- j. i# V. ]0 pmso-font-kerning:0pt">——) ]+ h- q% A0 f9 P( o4 _+ @1 Sfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;1 T/ l2 e+ [: W, H$ ] y
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">开个玩笑，没关系的。% Z9 M. y6 t. J2 {, V. }, M. h
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观、可以群，可以怨。9 @7 H( i9 ~7 [2 I7 I. n2 Z
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">学诗的作用就在于( V+ A6 n+ ~$ s/ X9 H
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+ [" ?3 X, C9 `2 ~+ Emso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">观# }' ]3 J9 O6 {: J7 Z$ ^4 _mso-font-kerning:0pt">”7 i; W2 ]9 P& {font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;; s" Q4 \8 N4 c/ u
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨! \% {) ]/ U/ d( m0 H
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">四个字。所谓: H$ Z% T$ _4 ^. J4 ]% B& b; `7 lmso-font-kerning:0pt">“- {/ D) D- m" B; w) d' \* |
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;$ ], q: O& m( n: `( N8 H% G
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0 P, g% w4 Y2 T/ l3 h. g+ {1 C& smso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以激发人的兴致，培养想象力；所谓4 l6 A; r' E+ [) H9 emso-font-kerning:0pt">“9 a$ s5 |5 Y# w+ j" r1 G1 Afont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;$ } e1 d0 ~( k* u1 p" _
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">观7 m/ T! N, [* ]+ Lmso-font-kerning:0pt">”# _/ X; F M0 f0 Q; h5 ^4 v; Afont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;4 ~ ~% I( E# j7 C& C+ X( J! u
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以多识鸟兽草木等大自然之物，提高观察力；所谓% i3 l9 }/ f9 e8 x4 Q- X& ]
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) d/ e% I- ~( b( P# ^0 C O. S3 Mmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">群" r. }: E, D" o) o4 @% X# zmso-font-kerning:0pt">”1 T/ |# v6 ?$ d3 l
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* S1 N9 U0 f v2 F4 C' Smso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以涵养温柔敦厚的性情，提高在群体中生活的能力；所谓% Z7 b9 ~! |, e( a% I
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! ^. }* C( Z* w* X' a( Zmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨/ ]$ j5 b: c4 ^( U
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O2 i/ b* q/ ]) Wmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗还可以锻炼/ V# K+ X& t# }( Z6 ^8 o1 s) B' p5 R0 qmso-font-kerning:0pt">“& P5 i r- B4 v& H0 kfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;+ e4 ~* c b- C3 C
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐而不淫、哀而不伤) p% {6 R: ^. Z1 b
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! ~& A0 h( R: S; O q) Jmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语; l s3 G" U. omso-font-kerning:0pt">.$ X F; c0 b: [5 \font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;6 r r. P# ?( w. }9 y* D' }% c. q3 C7 O
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">八佾》）的胸襟和品格，抒发心中之怨，而又能) @4 D) C& I: qmso-font-kerning:0pt">“5 q9 Z& ]. E$ b7 U% z6 ~$ C3 @+ {# r0 |
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# G& s, C8 J X9 W$ d6 Y# q( Qmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《朱熹2 O9 v9 r) T# I) G* dmso-font-kerning:0pt">.4 d. b$ h( w; A3 f: \font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;% n# Y+ O% p* ?1 f
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">论语集注》），恰到好处，合乎中道。总之，学诗可以使人$ N3 e7 ~' A+ k0 R& y$ s
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font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
" s* \0 `: }' N. c: P' Vmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">思无邪0 D# ]8 s+ l$ g6 j2 {% n4 R# y
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) \7 M& i$ J. {' R' C2 l; Qmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语 _' H- G8 b9 Q; v/ X
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">为政》），遐思而纯正，宁静而致远。% W3 v# f# i' K% q8 H$ J! {6 Pmso-font-kerning:0pt">
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, i$ T: R% ~& L, x7 fTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">继续歪解啊：群呢，就是说物以类聚，大家有共同的审美和爱好，对诗经有雷同的见解，于是呢，就找到好朋友了。所谓怨呢，就是说看到诗经里写的这么美好的事物人物，会生出点点怨气，怨自己为什么没有诗经这么美好的生活，从而激发斗志。/ }. B) K" h( O7 X0 amso-font-kerning:0pt">. n' f: b. ] X5 ^. }font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
- P4 W; J! i. @+ p% ~8 R) B1 Cmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">咱是粗人一个，供拍砖用( Q( n1 ]' k9 Gmso-font-kerning:0pt">  9 p1 L1 L/ z B# q. Q5 o/ {4 S( i. [font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
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! k, g# h1 y- {3 w; sTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">无心随风：, b( z5 r" E$ m5 R4 g! _* v6 n! ^, A: K0pt">
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; |) l% k+ r# F0 d, }0 ATahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">智者见智，淫者见淫。有道理4 D/ @' V8 C' B0 s$ n. s' }
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">大家是做文秘工作的，写文章，也需要提高文学素养，如能恰到好处地引用几句诗词、名言警句，定会使文稿熠熠生辉。否则，干巴巴的，没有文彩，读之无味。: o5 Q: G" E* n8 Ymso-font-kerning:0pt"> 8 m* G1 }; X, U
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4 ?2 B9 Q7 x9 U9 u* {0 e2 c/ ]! xTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">我们领导基本把稿子中的诗句都略掉，不读，也许在正式场合没有习总的温柔劲吧" @7 X3 J4 ^+ x- umso-font-kerning:0pt"> 2 L6 {4 X+ L2 {3 i4 w ^) t$ ?. T. U
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F$ z) N' T- v& V2 Q$ b" WTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是啊，大家看看习总的语言风格，文学素养深厚，值得学习。
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提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
抢沙发
千斤顶
显身卡
300x180 AD
