研究社会生活也能学习写作技巧

: Y! h/ ^1 z- p3 u2 C" x: V5 Wmso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">写作作为一种人文表现行为4 O A# @1 {9 }"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, % k. a. t1 `& x. V. P0 rfont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">其实质是认识的表达。写作最重要的两个因素( R# y- Q9 R ymso-font-kerning:0pt">) ) ) 9 l. B) N7 |3 R宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: ) c2 Y- G: L/ K6 q* P8 Q/ l. @; _" r0pt">内容与形式决定了其与社会生活息息相关。内容来自于丰富多彩的社会生活现象* U. k' u9 {/ L) mmso-font-kerning:0pt">; / [" W9 }3 k) @* }6 K mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: ' s- z9 C6 n: l* o1 a3 X* d0pt">形式来自于事物发展变化的规律及生活现象的表现形式。没有社会生活$ I N" P" w( k! h/ l% @ 12.0pt;font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00"; 7 E% ]/ V# d0 [2 N+ B4 a1 F% Gmso-font-kerning:0pt">, / M8 T( p# {$ c# Rmso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 9 x g8 Z+ a$ @0pt">写作不仅会因材料匮乏而成为无源之水+ F( j( U- I& m5 O font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning: 4 m* e ~! ?0 _1 k0 ~5 v: ^0pt">, $ o2 l3 J, A8 C% n "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">无本之木& @) ]* z5 N; G2 y% D, }"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">; 6 Q( O4 P6 d' O0 G" F/ V0 ~ font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 3 d9 F+ x3 Q$ I. j+ y1 Y! }% {宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">同时也会因写作形式乃至写作技巧失却营养而使文章黯然失色。然而长期以来5 M, q! G% k9 c: f7 K) _; X"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 9 r5 x# B5 W, L7 ?+ Xfont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">在写作理论研究与写作实践中. h, s2 t( [- g" k12.0pt;font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00"; mso-font-kerning:0pt">, ; V( _( f* u" L8 p. Fmso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">人们往往注重于写作内容对社会生活的依赖2 J4 u/ {2 t8 ^0 h; Zfont-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning: 0pt">, ; X5 _! a8 U6 ^* f# K0 x"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">而忽略社会生活对写作技巧的滋养" b: n* V3 k2 O, U$ @4 H( t* Z "B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 5 k9 ?2 ^" F& ^' Q/ V) q font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: . n! Y" z# q3 F e宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">认为写作材料来自于生活& K8 t% l4 b4 g* B* G3 u# \12.0pt;font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00"; % D6 |+ k' ^" H0 C" g! vmso-font-kerning:0pt">, 5 G b, ~7 U2 l% a mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: ' a5 Y9 y Y5 K4 i; K* ]! v0pt">而写作技巧则来自于名作家( K, u8 U0 b9 w, {5 Y- q1 J% T: H "B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, ! ?! `7 O/ B' ^7 X# T ] mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">来自于书本。其实: `6 A# h9 J- D. j. ^8 x6 D4 o/ x mso-font-kerning:0pt">, % _; y" r6 _, v$ N& Nmso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: " _# L3 Z/ S& V2 B. \0pt">这是一种误解。写作7 r- T! d6 A6 j mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ : W3 m! G8 i! F8 o mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">技巧的获得固可借助于前人的作品8 E) K/ k; J, O+ T* p* i"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 9 `% S$ c/ e5 p$ U: M font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: " d8 x$ z, r: F- X+ x" V宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">然而倘以乞灵故纸为己是0 ]; A' q/ W3 J 12.0pt;font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00"; 5 o( E- x" x3 V \mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 5 L- x9 h" r5 ~& _ mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 9 C1 i8 q6 P O0pt">而不求诸活生活的现实, Z1 S. d) o( _6 c"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 3 R# V, ^$ o8 L mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">势必成为井底之蛙了0 ?8 ^1 g2 n* k( i; kmso-font-kerning:0pt">0# @, Z0 C* F; | font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning: 1 H& \$ i5 N% R: J, M j0pt">[ 1] ( P502) 4 j* s- }; w# \* c# tmso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。写作技巧的本源在生活。研究生活6 U# W( i" K2 j* g4 B( v3 j font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning: " n( m3 j& U7 B( m3 B. S4 d0pt">, & n# a6 @9 w3 m; Z/ w) o# l"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">学习写作技巧是写作学习者提高写作技能的根本途径。这一点2 a G2 G8 Y q/ d$ R5 u "B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 0 I+ w/ o( |$ ?5 d1 d" I; ^ font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">作家柳青有深刻的理解4 V; _" i# b' ^) K0 S12.0pt;font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00"; + T4 v. j' V- N: T9 e5 O. ~mso-font-kerning:0pt">, ; t; `, j% f3 F- E3 ]& K8 a% G mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 6 r! {1 P- S* G0pt">他说4 t. U+ a7 t2 Q3 Xmso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">: . N0 P0 n! `/ s/ X1 ^ "B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ 5 M4 v/ \- [, m! F; ofont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 0 [4 W# z! L q9 ]* i! p宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">技巧是从哪里来的呢8 X" U- S* D+ n2 ~( E: c! \+ n 12.0pt;font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00"; mso-font-kerning:0pt">? 2 E2 B8 `8 _5 d5 }0 ? mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: + u3 n' `- q8 i. o0 u" H \9 E$ I0pt">一般认为" q' y) B3 [3 D! |2 ~ mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 5 Z0 y1 n5 T8 P9 J0 W! E mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">技巧是从别人书里学来的9 g a6 N( h, R& ^8 p4 Y; I"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 4 v# W, m3 B$ X% I# ~font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: / @6 L) |# E, W; f1 J. S9 U% M/ I宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">前人的书或者是现代人的书。其实呢7 Q2 }" X: J6 imso-font-kerning:0pt">? 1 D1 q. z4 F" O, A mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">其实# e# j; W$ g( {mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, $ g* T( U+ G, Z+ A- q mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">技巧主要的也是人研究生活来的2 m* S' _0 l" h5 o$ i- H/ S"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">0/ S- J! q6 e+ A9 n- O/ ^1 U7 w! c# S mso-font-kerning:0pt">[ 2] ! D+ `0 K3 ~+ k c- t" _7 @ 宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。宋代大诗人陆游在* n v, \: q2 G. w( M$ O* ~$ { mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">50 X- r9 P8 c* g' ]' v: o V mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">示子6 S7 S* V7 p1 R 12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">遹& i+ |: I6 p- t: ~5 Q) Q8 | "B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">60 h# y8 y" `% G) }; \ g3 l font-family:B9+SimSun;mso-bidi-font-family:B9+SimSun;mso-font-kerning:0pt">中谆谆告诫儿子" K! H* |2 e" w: V0 ^4 R"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ % C% H5 c! A4 z6 h' i+ z4 j font-family:B9+SimSun;mso-bidi-font-family:B9+SimSun;mso-font-kerning:0pt">汝果欲学诗7 X2 ~# G; d+ w- i9 S"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">,- U6 C' O9 \( `" d: N font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">工夫在诗外. ^0 O4 Z8 k7 H* @7 F8 V4 Lfont-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: 0pt">04 J0 K9 m3 t! ~$ O7 [- Hmso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">[ 3] ( P134) , 0 y6 `- a( J& f7 S" H1 N9 w9 ^( T mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">也意识到火热的现实生活是艺术创作的无尽宝藏1 i7 y1 L; o( r5 E( ~ "B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 3 R9 I7 l3 ~# ^3 A7 bfont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: # X! c. f$ f* X* `# p. z3 z宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">写诗的妙处不在! I1 v3 j8 O9 ^; I3 E/ B6 T3 I7 a9 yfont-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: 4 z9 m& ?* I& P0pt">/ 9 W6 |- }# G0 P" M' T "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">藻绘; J3 `( n2 s" T( i( `7 T* H+ { "B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">0% g0 q% }1 h& @3 L& B1 |mso-font-kerning:0pt">, * Z* [ X/ c! e1 R% k. kmso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">不在5 }: u) B" }8 p9 Bmso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ ; \% J9 R2 O' N5 P J mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">狡狯, a) e" y- x, q7 ?9 i* P mso-font-kerning:0pt">01 A' m( f5 `/ V" y [* C5 y font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning: ' Q# t3 d: ]- k& o4 p- h; @1 Z8 Q0pt">, 0 Q) Y: x3 `( j "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">而在山程水驿之中# T: g" F }/ k- y "B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, , _2 U5 w6 c9 I. F4 s9 J% \ Qfont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: . U9 x" f c8 i宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">在对生活万象的观察与理解之中。

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; J3 K" [# | v# E. I! Ymso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">为什么说写作技巧的本源在生活) G7 H7 h Q2 {, o' B5 L: ^5 g"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">? 8 w- Z2 Q* ]* C9 x font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">要而言之 O( m) z( d' m" J7 M0 I3 ] font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning: * P' G; D6 c( D8 Y5 F& m0pt">, 2 f1 a% ?+ j: v: }# Z% z( } "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">有下面几点理由。

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/ t( [) R* i# [; a9 x9 Pmso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">首先* m4 s% L# ^, Z* Z7 `5 Smso-font-kerning:0pt">, 7 s) @) E1 ?3 ^: W mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">社会生活的万般形态为写作技巧的形成提供了依据。我们知道7 B$ W3 d" i i% S3 b4 M* F6 b0 u" o8 O font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning: 0pt">, + p/ J; v" B' g0 u2 E1 s"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">写作是以文章的形式反映社会生活的。这种反映& v: I1 ?3 f I; u8 K# S"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ # j9 b/ F& {( k9 P) R5 u font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 5 q$ ^1 M9 b% ~' F宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">必须把生活写得跟原来面目一样: u- b% a8 v6 x! y9 O& L6 rmso-font-kerning:0pt">, 9 H; P( h; K, e) Fmso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: + u# z) _: a1 {: X$ o/ \( S4 L0pt">把人写得跟原来面目一样/ H; L& w* U) T2 Y"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, & d) A2 O" o; c1 u& Bmso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">而不是捏造出来6 ^& u4 q/ |2 b" _. U mso-font-kerning:0pt">0 ( E7 F8 v# m+ Y2 j$ x, D# [% jfont-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning: 0pt">( + N# z' Z) J6 y2 O. j "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">契诃夫语: W1 z: o1 K$ C"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">) [ 4] ( P140) ' @* i7 n; D% y6 N3 _; y/ Y$ e: S! o mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">。那么: v# K7 u. b2 j3 S& t6 A$ @ mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 3 w, Y/ E. X3 x/ R* Emso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">怎样才能象契诃夫说的那样( f1 t2 T& @: q& W/ `. r4 Y4 y"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 8 t* i* R6 V" b; u mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">客观地、真实地、原原本本地反映生活呢2 e: d. {* E+ ]" B6 u. [ "B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">?1 x! ~4 ~5 f' c) Q; R. _; gfont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">那就是写自己看见的4 f g/ D$ M- \' S12.0pt;font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00"; $ r3 [* w1 {, Q- K3 L* Pmso-font-kerning:0pt">, 3 d. y# U3 w% Z3 L; Y9 r4 ?2 w6 nmso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: ' X5 [" g, q" U y0 |5 w9 j0 n# x8 L0pt">感觉到的1 d h0 D* m! w( Mmso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, + V, }3 h9 @$ }5 Y8 B mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">而且要写得真确诚恳才成。如此! z# a9 M5 {1 e& }7 a: e "B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, R; _3 l8 a3 o' e font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">事物的多姿多彩与千变万化可以启发作者获得观察的技巧" S5 b* w3 Y! n) V mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 9 t, Y0 y4 r1 [) \. H7 j% p mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">描写的技巧- r. o/ I2 A3 W: f, |mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">; ) d1 A+ L8 N* \& s! U! K* Hmso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">社会上各色人等情感的渲泄方式及其影响可以启发作者获得抒情的技巧1 v# [/ g) F" }9 ~, h+ g "B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">; ! f6 G2 E7 p, H( E- K1 z9 Q- J- g font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">生物的自然变化及动态可以启发作者获得行文用笔的技巧。所谓+ f2 t2 z- }3 Y. c0 [5 w G* e+ Lmso-font-kerning:0pt">/ $ K+ D4 Q5 }, _, W5 D. e5 umso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">用笔不灵看燕舞6 C' X. `2 }- I& ? mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, # B! d% l% N& U5 x4 |5 k/ fmso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">行文无序赏花开4 i+ x1 K5 S/ ^8 H7 k. Zmso-font-kerning:0pt">00 K% K- A z& T8 m& h font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning: 0pt">, * p: a& h \1 k& T$ N3 }2 h" ?5 q; {"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">就是对此的绝妙写照。

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5 p8 E1 s L, G mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">由生活形态启发人们获得的写作技巧很多。例如由人、物情态启发的& `: B0 i: Q+ k& \2 x% W9 N% g "B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ 0 e* l/ J8 C) v% n font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: - S# z3 b% j( c1 \8 }9 [0 j宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">肖像描写! X; M4 S5 Q3 s* C! m font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: 0 w( B' N! g& }3 S9 i, o0pt">0: i6 i/ F- r! Y! j W "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、* h3 p5 }. s+ z' f; y' X"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ / @' g O9 d! l0 ?# \- D: W0 z font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 7 n4 |2 j" B% n a9 z, \. {宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">动作描写: ]/ Z2 v, n" Hfont-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: 0pt">0" Z8 B, o( p, m& |$ I+ {7 y "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、. [1 t* ^' Q/ L( C "B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ ( C! O, ~% M9 W2 J# nfont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 1 J% u) R2 Q' P( j% r4 a宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">语言描写7 ] h$ ?7 }2 k9 \" H5 T font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: 5 L9 K. h! f' `0pt">08 q( i( G9 {( U "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、6 Y# Z' B7 G) h "B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ + \" b5 u& F+ g+ H @! M0 S$ [1 y1 v font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">景物描写9 ?6 B& B x3 j9 O2 K; ffont-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: S" w& L' [1 l9 L6 G0pt">0/ m4 c% K6 Z! k"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、1 K7 X' V2 n% _7 F' ?"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ 9 B" Y c" z, A: S0 ifont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: ! \& P6 ^8 D7 f- E9 t' N$ d宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">场面描写2 T0 N% |, ^3 ~3 I9 {7 d font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: + l6 P( z( B! h% v0pt">0$ u7 L4 M/ Z& s+ v" c( d& b- a' X "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、/ }% A3 P2 N$ } m, S4 i. \8 l3 e7 g"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ 6 e7 c* Y) F; O, k; D$ L( jfont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 0 n3 p! A j8 H1 s+ u- C! `+ J宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">细节描写' F* E4 b2 H, U7 J) o$ W: s/ \ font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: 0pt">0# s$ J% j8 C9 v3 Y) [ "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">的技巧) w$ D' F1 ]# v% k1 F/ J" t0 V "B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">; ; V2 R* }2 J# S6 _* vfont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">由狮子滚绣球得到启发的6 V* x( J) u0 K+ P ?12.0pt;font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1"; mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ " V, E! s8 Q6 amso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: , ~( U! R. Y4 J: O" s$ k/ E" S C0pt">那辗法3 B/ c0 c5 d4 W0 n mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">0% n7 P! J' Q" Z2 s4 m* y% B) ?mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">技巧, g( L' O; X2 B6 D9 {, N8 ] mso-font-kerning:0pt">; : Y0 E2 f: G5 X4 `" @/ l: Omso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 0 V5 t6 }! O- P" P8 e' C/ o0pt">由生活中两种事物偶然相遇现象得到启发的5 i: S8 L. u- q0 j) F5 ffont-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: : k, S! S7 }6 [' O' X0pt">/ 4 h ^5 M$ Q, ]) w( l$ @' A3 c"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">巧合法6 i5 u% g. y- q# J# Z8 `"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">0- q. s6 i- ~+ r' Q9 ~& X! d+ K% e o font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: $ v% N/ U$ T' w3 f宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">技巧- R$ ~+ r1 G7 z' Y( B& p# Bfont-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning: 0pt">; / f+ S0 q* ]1 q) C: c, [$ i( F "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">由夜色天象得到启发的/ i- A' \4 ~$ |5 D6 ^7 ] "B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ 9 G' R j6 H" ~8 S1 V9 Dfont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">烘云托月& n8 o. y. Y1 g font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: 0pt">0 B1 r& S+ {* @"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">法技巧( u9 C F* d6 V O6 s8 L } "B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">; * r1 u3 \( o- j. Z. v& lfont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: % _2 W2 I, D& P! _" J0 h宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">由人们的自然行为及自然景观得到启发的1 R: j- b6 L( Z4 t: h mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ - X) ]9 W( k% T4 G( D0 _% w7 a# C9 r mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">开门见山9 O4 ?: N* U, Y6 l mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">0: r( m6 I- X- Vmso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">技巧等等。

1 r7 m; h. Z; E1 ?( a o 8 Q3 i* p. W# @* t9 ^% [5 Y

! a4 u2 x* B7 h: u0 Smso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 

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; U, m5 `" |$ Q8 q7 p% X mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">其次+ Q0 I6 i6 A9 k9 S$ j mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 3 m, l, G! s# V mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">事物发展变化的规律为写作技巧的形成提供了依据。大千世界的客观事物都处在不断运动的状态中。事物的发展变化都有一个起根发苗4 ~ B% b) ^9 _ "B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">) ) ) ( U e: R, s9 \6 G& F) w 12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: . R; j1 l) r2 W: N5 x; v3 A宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴旺发达: u0 p" Z5 X9 | font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: 0pt">) ) ) * V7 j$ \( ~9 S5 m6 j. Z! n"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">衰落消亡的过程。而且这种由无到有, e0 J% p0 B4 A6 E "B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 7 f4 V6 F5 i( G6 T font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">由小到大: O. H" g1 S/ xfont-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning: 0pt">, ! U! n* T A* S) F: J Y "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">由盛到衰; O) `4 x9 {9 B1 q "B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, ) y& I4 p- }& k1 k$ P( l, Sfont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">由量而质的变化都处于一定的时间顺序中。这样, k& I& k; Z1 L @mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 1 c3 b4 ]6 Q3 E( U" I( g9 ?- Cmso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: ; L5 N0 \9 o: t8 k* J0 M' E0pt">事物前后变化的规律便启发人们总结出+ w" j8 g" G1 ^/ Z Y0 P0 ~font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: 0pt">/ + q; n) \# o6 \+ p/ m" i8 p; d. j% N "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">顺叙, L* \5 v2 C% M _+ I; D; h8 d "B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">0 / E+ U: \. M y% W7 Lfont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">的叙述技巧。在课堂上1 \- V' }) ]2 w. ~! ] R" n0 b 12.0pt;font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00"; mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 7 r' F# i$ Y% _+ Amso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: # a0 \ C/ H9 m$ O- C0pt">我曾给我的学生说过6 g' Y8 s8 z' D" I mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">: 2 L9 F" Y4 x$ ^$ {; i b "B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ 7 ^2 z a# l5 G% E C3 \font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: & z: N+ }' [* p5 i4 G+ X. l宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">顺叙体现了事物发展变化的规律4 G w5 \) W0 k; a6 y3 Z \0 S% Umso-font-kerning:0pt">; 6 h6 d! a+ W4 U' S/ ?) I: Y/ c, qmso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: $ ]8 x1 S1 b7 H; T* m" z0pt">倒叙则反映了作者表现生活的机智。4 c& K7 G2 z: `) { font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: 0pt">0: }% i" o& P$ ~( I"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">出于活泼文势、制造悬念的目的运用倒叙- O) x6 a' g" D8 a "B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, * d1 N) L! z/ ~7 s3 N font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">确实反映了作者在写作上的明智与机巧, @: W& U. v/ G, w2 o$ P( ~mso-font-kerning:0pt">,9 C' V2 Z; ?6 R% Y! K1 @" Ymso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">不过仔细想来. B( U/ \: A$ t- Mmso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 0 P( S) ?* i) B2 f0 k/ O3 ] "B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ 5 u9 ], U5 W5 p! ifont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: W! ?0 W+ n3 d$ |2 ?* ]- L' F宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">倒叙; L- `( A; H- f: l* |4 i font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: 6 C. c& }3 n' k! l4 T0pt">0% i d8 }, u3 V0 N# ^6 _9 N7 r"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">何尝不反映了事物发展变化的规律呢* h- V; f9 J9 u" L; g! @* i "B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">? 0 N6 ]3 d, n/ W, nfont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: ' z$ @. f3 J4 {( q; f( U* m5 k0 X; E宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">事物在发展变化初期* K N) `" I, u% v& Q1 `6 Y& f12.0pt;font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00"; 0 b6 r4 G* Z9 t8 D& ]- ~8 c8 Zmso-font-kerning:0pt">, " F' I; w+ o3 ~" Y, ?% jmso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">一般都轻微细小# g* i0 ~5 P) pmso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, , Y% L- u1 Y% q9 k" g, B) [$ P7 wmso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">不为人们觉察! ~5 a# j) B, z( Q3 y" |- Z) J$ w mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 4 H. 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H h2 B a3 F' o mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, $ ?7 x8 ?% u4 b" m$ A1 \6 \! \$ h" w"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ 4 {9 z$ O, U9 ^5 p* i3 Y font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: # b% R5 u8 \0 T# H1 f- Q. d) N宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">倒叙2 |5 J! ^& I6 [/ L% [2 e' Y) yfont-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: - t4 W b" x% X3 w8 Q0pt">09 M7 k. A7 M4 F+ G* i8 _"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">便产生了。由事物发展变化的规律启发人们获得的写作技巧也很多。例如+ ?0 z0 M! ?, ^2 E/ y "B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">, 3 y! D8 j% N! X$ Ufont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 8 {( a& Y0 ]% R- u/ X) `7 U- a宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">由事物发展的阶段性及其彼此间的联系得到启发的$ n6 p$ ~/ f' i0 r mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ % l2 V( s7 R/ H. n! fmso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 5 \$ }% ~5 A; {+ L) x4 C T0pt">承转法3 C+ h5 G3 S( ?( j, imso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">0& z$ u4 J7 d( xmso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">技巧. z8 ]" @4 b( v) ?4 bmso-font-kerning:0pt">; ; p" b* @' ^6 k5 M mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">由事物发展变化的复杂性得到启发的$ W& |3 v o( h( t( {, b2 M" U font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: * @- S/ `+ S* Q, S/ r8 q- j8 [3 {0pt">/ % \" L4 |: _ I3 U$ L: l "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">分合法! 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X2 d$ y w "B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">00 H/ G; Y* C% K5 v& e: }( ~5 r font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、( X9 o- ?8 B% s7 c) ?8 Q3 a# d font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: 0pt">/ ) V5 m% y Y" X* d"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">明暗法: |; t D1 S6 e% I7 n, l0 @: l "B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">0, M- z( n7 N% t8 b" a' o" r font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: & N% ?* [% y( m4 {宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、. r2 w% R1 {, _1 e1 m1 h; w* r font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: 0pt">/ ! O0 K2 k; v" ?"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">误会法0 ?$ _ I$ b) v5 ?: a% r"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">0 b2 H+ ~4 A6 k P4 y" Xfont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: : t' l7 K# Q n: d% u1 v" a5 [% |宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">技巧2 w% z% R" y2 u: wfont-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning: 0pt">;$ n: f& E) q, Q6 y "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">由事物形质相依的特性得到启发的% c/ T$ U7 \3 A; |/ g/ V: a/ v! E1 @"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ % t( N& Q! W& q5 t0 dfont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: ' \. I g* I3 p5 `宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">以3 p; T4 \* v1 {! U2 Y3 w; mfont-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: 3 a( j8 e/ W/ g8 z X5 U3 r* a0pt">-& E: i! v0 t3 n$ r! ~ "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">形- o. G, d" k' g5 ["B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">.8 S) |5 Y# {, ]$ k9 K font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: - ~- C6 h! ?* Q: r: G6 H宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">写 f& U* U; a F9 P font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: 0pt">-1 m5 _$ W* _0 U- ?3 t0 f% u, a# D"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">神/ \' x+ [/ E4 C) k, K7 C"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">. 0! B" Z/ `1 n* d% i& Rfont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: ( M/ |" y7 n( {9 t k) A1 t3 B% {/ F2 B宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">法技巧8 a( H |! r5 B+ ^ font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning: 0pt">; 7 n: {8 }2 n; J7 u! Z" r) J"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">由任何事物的发生与变化都有其因的规律得到启发的3 G. P O5 i# u "B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ ^9 j" [5 Q- K' Sfont-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: & B3 j% m8 q9 s$ }* q/ N/ i宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">因果法9 a- N: W( w$ K# ?. v, a font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-bidi-font-family:"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning: + E( {) s) V0 t. u0pt">0 l F1 C" V( T: Y; {3 k/ pmso-bidi-font-family:"B4+CAJ FNT00";mso-font-kerning:0pt">( 2 h% ~/ \0 z/ Y"B3+cajcd fnta1";mso-font-kerning:0pt">/ 6 p$ F- v. Z/ X* v) S7 B5 {- _+ P- B font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: ' X4 o# Q! B& }" r; Y0 x0 _宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">析因论果% w, c, S! 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